The World of Visual Time Signals for Mariners. Time Balls, Time Guns, Time Lights and Other Signals

Издание на английском языке
The book explores the history of visual time signals, such as time balloons, which were used in ports to test the accuracy of marine chronometers needed to determine longitude. It is based on the forensic engineering studies of time balloons in Australia and New Zealand and covers the evolution of visual signal technologies, their distribution and use. The first part examines early ideas and devices, and the second examines time signals for sailors in various regions of the world, based on data from the British Admiralty. The book connects the history of astronomy and the distribution of time, emphasizing the importance of accuracy in navigation.

Contents
Part I Development of Visual Time Signals
1 Foundations
Roger Kinns
2 Determination of Longitude and Chronometer Rating
Roger Kinns
3 Ideas for Visual Time Signals
Roger Kinns
4 The Greenwich Time Ball and Its Evolution
Douglas Bateman
5 Time Ball Supply by Maudslay, Sons & Field After 1852
Roger Kinns
6 Admiralty Lists of Visual Time Signals After 1880
Roger Kinns
7 British and Irish Time Signals for General Use
Paul Fuller
Part II Visual Time Signals for Mariners Around the World
8 Introduction to Part II
Roger Kinns
9 Worldwide Evolution of Visual Time Signals After 1880
Roger Kinns
10 British Isles
Paul Fuller and Roger Kinns
11 France, Spain, Portugal and Gibraltar
Roger Kinns
12 Germany and Danzig
Roger Kinns
13 The Netherlands, Belgium and Scandinavia
Roger Kinns
14 Russia, Finland and Latvia
Roger Kinns
15 The Mediterranean
Roger Kinns
16 South Africa
Roger Kinns
17 West and East Africa, and Yemen
Roger Kinns
18 Mauritius
Roger Kinns
19 Indian Subcontinent
Roger Kinns
20 Southeast Asia
Roger Kinns
21 China, Japan and Korea
Roger Kinns
22 Australia
Roger Kinns
23 New Zealand
Roger Kinns
24 Canada, Newfoundland and Bermuda
Roger Kinns
25 The United States of America, Including Hawaii
Roger Kinns
26 Central America, The West Indies and South America
Roger Kinns
27 Atlantic Islands
Roger Kinns
28 Concluding Remarks
Roger Kinns
Index