Energy Efficiency in Shipping for Environmental Sustainability/Энергоэффективность в судоходстве для экологической устойчивости

Издание на английском языке
This book examines the environmental impact of emissions from ships, setting out the mandatory regulations of MARPOL 73/78 and the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan, as well as new International Maritime Organization regulations such as MEPC 80.
The chapters provide an in-depth understanding of how ship staff can increase energy efficiency by reducing fuel consumption and using innovative technologies. Comprehensive coverage of energy audit methodology is offered to ensure compliance with energy efficiency requirements.
Written accessibly to suit a wide range of readers in the shipping industry, the book will be especially valuable for ship officers, trainees, and cadets.

Contents
Acknowledgements
1 Introduction
1.1 The Importance of Energy Efficiency
1.2 Energy Sustainability in Shipping
1.3 Organisations Implementing Energy Efficiency
1.3.1 The International Energy Agency
1.3.2 The International Maritime Organization
1.4 Introducing MARPOL
1.5 Other Conventions Related to Environmental Pollution
1.6 Summary
Bibliography
2 Energy Efficient Ship Operations
2.1 Current State of Sustainability
2.2 Shipboard Emissions
2.3 What Is the Solution?
2.3.1 Reducing Fuel Consumption
2.3.2 Installing Fuel-Efficient Engines
2.3.3 Increasing the Overall Energy Efficiency of the Ship
2.4 Summary
Bibliography
3 Energy Efficiency Indices and SEEMP
3.1 Understanding the Framework and Structure of the SEEMP
3.2 Breaking Down the SEEMP
3.2.1 SEEMP Part I
3.2.2 SEEMP Part II
3.2.3 SEEMP Part III
3.3 Implementing SEEMP
3.4 The Importance of Implementing the SEEMP
3.5 An Overview of EEDI and EEXI
3.5.1 EEDI for New Ships
3.5.2 How Can New Ships Ensure Compliance With EEDI Requirements?
3.5.3 EEXI for Existing Ships
3.5.4 Comparing the Required EEXI and the Attained EEXI
3.6 Introducing the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator
3.7 Brief Recap
3.8 Carbon Intensity Indicator
3.9 Summary
Bibliography
4 Strategies for Ship Energy Efficiency
4.1 IMO Strategies for Emission Reduction
4.1.1 Initial IMO Strategy
4.1.2 Revised IMO Strategy
4.2 How Can These Strategies Be Implemented?
4.3 Understanding the Roles of Various Stakeholders
4.4 Train the Trainer Course on Energy-Efficient Ship Operations
4.5 Summary
Bibliography
5 Monitoring Fuel Consumption
5.1 Understanding Fuel Monitoring Systems
5.2 Regulatory Requirements for Reporting Fuel Consumption
5.3 Methods for Monitoring and Reducing Fuel Consumption
5.3.1 Hull-Propeller Performance
5.3.2 Engine Monitoring Systems
5.4 Importance of Maintenance: An O-Ring Can Invite Trouble
5.5 Summary
Bibliography
6 Low Carbon Ship Operations
6.1 The Importance of Carbon Intensity
6.1.1 Well to Wake
6.2 So What Are Low-Carbon Ship Operations?
6.3 Types of Fuel for Reduction of GHGs
6.3.1 Heavy Fuel Oil
6.3.2 Marine Diesel Oil
6.3.3 Alternate Fuels
6.3.4 Liquefied Natural Gas
6.3.5 Biofuels
6.3.6 Methanol
6.3.7 Ammonia
6.3.8 Hydrogen
6.4 IMO Fourth Greenhouse Gas Study
6.5 Summary
Bibliography
7 Diesel Engines and Energy Efficiency
7.1 Why Are Fossil Fuels Popular for Ships' Engines?
7.2 Technological Developments in Marine Diesel Engines
7.2.1 What Are the Options for Existing Ships?
7.2.2 Engine Power Limitation and Shaft Power Limitation
7.2.3 Advanced Engine Design for New Ships
7.3 Solution to the Diesel Engine Conundrum
7.3.1 Alternate Fuels
7.3.2 Renewable Sources of Energy
7.4 Summary
Bibliography
8 Energy Audits, Surveys, and Certification.
8.1 International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate
8.2 Engine International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate
8.3 International Energy Efficiency Certificate
8.4 Introducing Energy Audits
8.4.1 Understanding the Need for Energy Audits
8.4.2 Objectives of Energy Audits
8.4.3 Key Elements of Energy Audits
8.4.4 Understanding Energy Audits
8.5 Summary
Bibliography
9 International Legislation Regarding Emissions
9.1 Global Initiatives to Address Climate Change
9.2 Progress in Climate Action
9.3 UN Sustainable Development Goals
9.4 GHG Compensation Fund
9.5 IMO Legislation
9.5.1 Resolution MEPC 203(62) and Related Resolutions
9.5.2 Resolution MEPC 278(70)
9.5.3 Resolution MEPC 80
9.5.4 Resolution MEPC 81
9.5.5 The Intersessional Working Group on Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships (ISWG-GHG 16)
9.6 Summary
Bibliography
10 Environmental Efforts by the Shipping Industry
10.1 IMOs Support for Developing States and LDCs
10.2 Energy Conservation Awards
10.2.1 Green Award
10.2.2 Clean Shipping Index
10.2.3 Ports Environmental Review System
10.3 Shipping Companies Implementing Sustainable Practices
10.4 Stakeholders Efforts Towards Decarbonisation
10.5 Summary
Bibliography
11 Beyond Compliance: Surpassing Regulations, Carbon Credits, and Carbon Exchanges
11.1 Why Go Beyond Compliance?
11.2 How to Go Beyond Compliance?
11.2.1 Use of Technology
11.2.2 Ship Design
11.2.3 Air Lubrication
11.2.4 Shaft Generator
11.2.5 Propulsion Systems
11.3 Ships of the Future
11.3.1 NYK Line
11.3.2 AP Moller-Maersk (Maersk Line)
11.3.3 Bernhard Schulte Shipmanagement
11.3.4 Wallenius Wilhelmsen
11.4 Energy-Efficient Solutions Beyond Compliance
11.4.1 Emission Trading Scheme
11.4.2 Carbon Capture and Storage on Ships
11.4.3 Carbon Sequestration
11.5 Legislation Beyond Compliance
11.5.1 ISO 14001
11.5.2 ISO 50001
11.5.3 ISO 14064
11.5.4 The Poseidon Principles
11.6 Summary
Bibliography
12 Guidance on Best Practices for Fuel-Efficient Operations of Ships
12.1 IMO Guidance
12.1.1 Improved Voyage Planning
12.1.2 Weather Routing
12.1.3 Just in Time
12.1.4 Speed Optimisation
12.1.5 Optimised Shaft Power
12.1.6 Optimised Ship Handling
12.1.7 Hull Maintenance
12.1.8 Propulsion System Maintenance
12.2 Other Best Practices
12.3 International Association of Classification Societies
12.4 INTERTANKO’s Guidelines
12.5 BIMCO Guidelines
12.6 Summary
Bibliography
13 Case Studies on Environmental Pollution
13.1 Impacts of Oil Spillage
13.2 Major Oil Spill Incidents
13.2.1 Torrey Canyon
13.2.2 Amoco Cadiz
13.2.3 Atlantic Empress
13.2.4 Exxon Valdez
13.2.5 Deepwater Horizon
13.3 Oil Spills and Air Pollution
13.4 Case Study: Compliance and Beyond
13.4.1 Strategies Implemented
13.4.2 Challenges Faced
13.4.3 Key Takeaways
13.5 Countries at War: A Case Study
13.6 Summary
Bibliography
14 The Way Forward
14.1 Introducing the Comprehensive Impact Assessment
14.2 Future Resolutions
14.2.1 IMOs Future Planning
14.2.2 MEPC 82
14.2.3 MEPC 83
14.2.4 MEPC 84
14.2.5 MEPC 85
14.2.6 Other Resolutions
14.3 Taking Stock of the Future
14.3.1 Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental, Social, and Governance
14.4 Summary
Bibliography
Index