Autonomous and Remote Control Functions/Функции автономного и дистанционного управления

Издание на английском языке
The document discusses the advancements in autonomous and remote control functions within the marine and offshore industry, highlighting their increasing implementation in recent years. Autonomous functions enable machines to independently perform the complete operational decision loop monitoring, analysis, decision-making, and action without human intervention. These functions are designed to adapt their actions based on programming, mission requirements, operational environment, and system status, rather than following predefined routines.
The document emphasizes that while it focuses on the functional capabilities of marine vessels and offshore units, it does not imply that these operations are unmanned. Unmanned operations involve additional considerations like system maintenance and incident handling, which are not covered in this document.
Remote control functions allow human operators to control systems and operations from a location different from the marine vessel or offshore unit. The American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) developed this document to establish technical and survey requirements for vessels and units equipped with these functions. Compliance with these requirements is necessary for obtaining class notations such as AUTONOMOUS or REMOTE CON.
The document underwent several revisions, transitioning from a "Guide" to "Requirements," which now include mandatory criteria for classification and issuance of Class Certificates. Updates in subsequent editions clarified requirements for remote control functions, revised risk categories, and introduced a new function category for autonomous platforms. The latest edition incorporates unified requirements for cyber resilience and software/hardware standards.

Contents
Section 1 General
1 Introduction
1.1 Purpose
1.2 Scope
2 Notations
2.1 Autonomous Notations.
2.2 Remote Control Notation
2.3 Maintenance of Notations
3 Automation vs Autonomous Functions
4 Smart-to-Autonomy Levels
5 Autonomous Functions
6 Remote Control Functions
7 Unmanned Vessels.
8 Function Category
8.1 List of Function Categories
8.2 Autonomous Platform
9 Operations Supervision Levels
10 Engagement with Flag State and Port State
11 Definitions
12 Submittal Requirements
12.1 Overall Function
12.2 Constituent Systems
12.3 Modeling and Computer Simulation Tests
13 Abbreviations and Acronyms
14 References
14.1 ABS
14.2 Other References
15 Type Approval Program
Table 1 Autonomy Levels
Table 2 Operations Supervision Levels
Figure 1 Operational Decision Loop
Figure 2 Automation vs Autonomous Functions
Section 2 Implementation Process.
1 General
2 Autonomous Framework
2.1 General
2.2 Goals
2.3 Functional Requirements
2.4 Verification of Conformity
2.5 Foundational Requirements
3 System-of-Systems
4 Implementation Process
4.1 General
4.2 Concept Phase
4.3 Requirement and Design Phase
4.4 Engineering Phase
4.5 Verification & Validation Phase
4.6 Deployment Phase
4.7 Operations & Maintenance Phase
5 Integration of Function with Vessel
6 Management of Change
7 Statutory Considerations
7.1 Involvement of Flag State, coastal State and/or port State Authorities
7.2 Compliance
7.3 Interim Guidelines for MASS Trials (IMO MSC.1/ Circ.1604)
7.4 Remote Operator and Remote Control
8 Key Stakeholders.
Table 1 Foundational Requirements
Table 2 Typical Stakeholder Roles for Autonomous and Remote Control Function Implementation
Figure 1 Smart to Autonomous Goal Based Approach
Figure 2 System-of-Systems
Figure 3 V Model Implementation Process for Autonomous and Remote Control Functions
Section 3 Concept of Operations.
1 General.
2 Concept of Operations Document
2.1 Goal
2.2 Content
2.3 Concept of Operations Version Maintainability
Figure 1 Considerations for the Development of a Concept of Operations Document
Section 4 Risk Categorization and Assessment
1 General
2 Assignment of Risk Category Level
2.1 Operations Supervision Levels
2.2 Consequences of Failure and Category
2.3 Risk Matrix.
3 Risk Assessment
3.1 General
3.2 Risk Assessment Plan
3.3 Risk Assessment Techniques
Table 1 Operations Supervision Levels
Table 2 Consequences of Failure and Category
Table 3 Risk Category
Section 5 Autonomous Functions
1 General
2 Requirements
2.1 Criteria
2.2 Concept of Operations Document (CONOPS)
2.3 Risk Category Level
2.4 Risk Assessment
2.5 System-of-Systems and Delivery of Function
2.6 Constituent Systems
2.7 Remote Operator Station
2.8 Data Communications
2.9 Cyber Resilience
2.10 Voice Communication
3 Foundational Requirements
3.1 General
3.2 Power Supplies
3.3 Software and Hardware
3.4 Monitoring and Alarm System(s)
3.5 Data Analytics
4 Autonomous Platform
4.1 Functional Requirements.
4.2 Functional Assessment
Table 1 Autonomy Levels
Figure 1 Criteria for Autonomous Functions
Section 6 Remote Control Functions
1 General
2 Requirements
2.1 Criteria
2.2 Concept of Operations Document (CONOPS).
2.3 Risk Category Level
2.4 Risk Assessment.
2.5 System-of-Systems Architecture
2.6 Constituent Systems
2.7 Remote Control Station
2.8 Data Communications
2.9 Cyber Resilience
3 Foundational Requirements
3.1 General
3.2 Power Supplies
3.3 Software and Hardware.
3.4 Monitoring and Alarm System(s).
3.5 Data Analytics
Section 7 Tests, Installation and Commissioning Surveys
1 Goal
2 Functional Requirements.
3 Requirements
3.1 Test Program
3.2 Constituent Systems’ Tests
3.3 Integration Tests Before Installation
3.4 Final Integration and Onboard Test
3.5 System-of-Systems Test for Function
3.6 Remote Operator Station/Remote Control Station
4 Modeling and Computer Simulation Tests
4.1 General
4.2 Modeling and Computer Simulation Test Plan
4.3 Computer Based System Testing Approaches
4.4 Integration Simulation Testing.
Figure 1 V Model Implementation Process for Autonomous and
Remote Control Functions
Section 8 Surveys After Construction.
1 General
2 Survey Program
2.1 Surveys of the Autonomous and/or Remote Control
Functions and System-of-Systems.
2.2 Constituent Systems.
2.3 Remote Operator Station / Remote Control Station
Appendix 1 High Level Goals (Autonomous Vessel)
1 General
2 Goals.
2.1 Maintain Steering & Propulsion
2.2 Safety of Vessel and Security
2.3 Protection Against Flooding/Maintain Stability
2.4 Safety of Navigation
2.5 Communicate Distress
2.6 Mitigate Environmental Impacts
2.7 Monitoring.
2.8 Maintain Communication with Shore Control Station
Appendix 2 List of Major Hazards
1 Marine
1.1 General
1.2 External Hazards -Transit
1.3 External Hazards - Port Operations
1.4 Internal hazards
2 Offshore.
2.1 General
2.2 Production Operations - Topside Production Facilities and Pipelines
2.3 Drilling Operations
2.4 Construction and Maintenance Operations
2.5 Air and Marine Transport
2.6 Ergonomic Hazards