Onshore Power Supply Systems. Preliminary Design Reccomendations for Tankers and Terminals/Береговые системы электроснабжения. Предупредительные рекомендации по проектированию танкеров и терминалов

Издание на английском языке
This book is a comprehensive guide to the design, operation, and maintenance of onshore power systems (OPS) for ships, with a particular focus on tankers and marine terminals. It covers technical requirements, power connection and disconnection procedures, safety, personnel training, and ship-berth interactions. This publication is useful for engineers, operators, and marine energy specialists.

Contents
Glossary
Abbreviations
Bibliography
1. Introduction
1.1. Purpose and scope
Part 1: Tanker
2. General
2.1. OPS system overview
2.2. Codes and standards
3. Ship layout and design consideration
3.1. Ship and shore electrical hazardous areas
3.2. Structural design requirements
3.3. Location of the OPS inlet onboard the ship
3.4. Cable lifting
3.5. Interaction of cabling with mooring system
3.6. Interaction of cabling with gangway and cargo transfer equipment
3.7. Accommodating varying ship orientation at a berth
3.8. Accommodation for ship movement
3.9. Access restrictions at the OPS ship inlet point
3.10. Cable routing and protection
3.11. Human-centred design
4. Ship electrical equipment design
4.1. Power requirements, voltage, frequency, current and couplers
4.2. Further considerations on the voltage and the frequency
4.3. System voltage dip and subsequent faults caused by high inrush current during operations
4.4. Safety system design, emergency stop, auto ejection, quick release and ESD permissives
4.5. Physical protection of the coupling point
4.6. Connection design
4.7. Frequency conversion
4.8. Ship step down transformer design
4.9. Shore connection switchboard location and design
4.10. Earthing of electrical equipment
4.11. Protection of ship equipment due to power surge/dip, power factor, voltage regulation and surge protection
4.12. Coupling space and compartment
4.13. Onboard Power Management System (PMS)
5. Additional design considerations
5.1. Standby onboard power
5.2. Additional safety devices and equipment
5.3. Cable movement monitoring and prevention
5.4. Maintaining cargo system integrity in case of a sudden loss of power
5.5. Additional gas detection considerations
5.6. Fire protection
5.7. Independent supply in different locations
5.8. Considerations for cargo pumping systems
5.9. Considerations for cargo tank inert gas
6. Tanker operation
6.1. Vetting and berth/ship compatibility checks with electrical connection
6.2. Pre-arrival communication to terminal on electrical equipment
6.3. Managing access restrictions around electrical installation
6.4. Electrical connection procedure
6.4.1. Initial state
6.4.2. Safety check
6.4.3. OPS cable
6.4.4. Coupling the OPS cable
6.5. Operating shore power system procedure
6.5.1. System pre-operational checklist before energizing the system
6.5.2. Initiation of power transmission
6.5.3. Supervision of power supply
6.5.4. Finish the power transmission
6.5.5. Electrical disconnection procedure
6.5.6. Decoupling the OPS cable
6.6. Managing interaction between mooring operations and electrical equipment
6.7. SIMOPS impact on electrical installation and hazardous areas
6.8. Ship readiness to evacuate in an emergency and decoupling
6.8.1. Emergency OPS decoupling and separation
6.9. Physical protection of the electrical installation while alongside
6.10. Ship shore pre-operation conference to cover operating limits
6.11. Firefighting procedures
6.12. Independent verification, class for ISM and vetting
6.13. Protection of the sockets when not in use
6.14. Procedures in case of a safety system failure
6.14.1. OPS deck compartment overpressure
6.14.2. OPS deck compartment gas detectors
6.14.3. Safety Management System
7. Inspection and maintenance
7.1. Periodic structured rounds of equipment for integrity by operations
7.2. Minimum inspection recommendations of equipment by maintenance technician, pre-use, monthly and annually
7.2.1. Critical equipment assessment
7.2.2. Maintenance programme
7.3. Inspection and maintenance recommendations of OPS equipment
8. Training
8.1. Competency recommendations of electrical coupling/decoupling team
8.2. Verification of competency of electrical coupling/decoupling team
8.3. Competency and training of maintenance team
8.4. Training and drills recommendations to handle abnormal conditions and emergencies
Part 2: Marine terminal
9. Berth layout and design consideration
9.1. Location of shore coupling and alternative considerations
9.2. Effective Cable Management System
9.3. Civil marine structural design requirements
9.4. Interaction of cabling with mooring design and operations
9.5. Interaction with gangway and cargo transfer equipment
9.6. Accommodating varying ship sizes and orientation
9.7. Accommodation for ship movements, surge, sway and heave
10. Electrical equipment design
10.1. Variation in power demand for loading vs discharge operations minimum, typical and maximum power requirements
10.2. Connection design
10.2.1. Ship couplers
10.2.2. Safety end caps
10.2.3. OPS cables and associated systems
10.3. Frequency conversion
10.4. Shore transformer design
10.5. Shore switchboard location and design
10.6. Voltage consideration
10.7. Cabling design including consideration for ship movements-freewheel
10.8. Reel design
10.8.1. Cable grip device
10.9. Lifting equipment including consideration for ship movements
10.10. Earthing of electrical equipment
10.11. Safety system design - emergency stop, auto ejection, quick release and ESD permissives
10.12. Protection of ship equipment due to power surge/dip - power factor, voltage regulation and surge protection
10.13. Protection of shore utility, reverse power and impact to cogeneration operations
10.14. Additional gas detection considerations
10.15. Additional fire protection for electrical equipment - foam suppression
10.16. Backup/redundant supply - shore protection relays and UPS
11. Additional design considerations
11.1. Pressurised building design
11.2. Shore power generation
11.3. Ship/shore electrical isolation
11.4. Fluid surge considerations due to loss of power
11.5. Environmental considerations
11.6. Berths with ERS and auto mooring line release systems
11.7. Arc flash considerations for electrical equipment
11.8. Shore physical barriers around electrical equipment
11.9. Human factor design
11.9.1. Substation location
11.9.2. Fire detection
11.9.3. Substation doors
11.9.4. Switchgear control battery location
11.9.5. Exposed live parts - fences and gates
11.9.6. Clearances
11.10. Corrosion protection
12. Terminal operation
12.1. Operational responsibilities
12.2. Pressurisation system failure
12.3. Cable handling between ship and shore
12.4. Cable retrieval
12.5. Berth pre-connection checks and tests
12.6. Electrical connection procedure
12.7. Shore power supply interruption
12.8. Electrical disconnection procedure
12.9. Physical protection of the electrical cabling while alongside
12.10. Managing interaction between mooring operations and electrical equipment
12.11. SIMOPS impact on electrical installation and hazardous areas
12.12. Emergency departure
12.13. Managing access restrictions around shore electrical installation, safety and security
12.14. Cybersecurity protection
13. Inspection and maintenance
13.1. Codes and standards
13.2. Equipment integrity
13.3. Inspection recommendations of equipment by mechanical technician - pre-use, monthly and annually
13.4. Inspection and maintenance of equipment by Competent Person
14. Training
14.1. Competency and qualification recommendations of coupling/decoupling team
14.2. Recommended training framework for coupling/decoupling team
14.3. Ongoing verification of competency of coupling/decoupling team
14.4. Competency and training of maintenance team
14.5. Competency and training of terminal operators
14.6. Training and drills recommendations to handle abnormal conditions and emergencies
Part 3: Interface
15. Design
15.1. OPS Design interface philosophy
15.2. Hazardous area classification
15.3. Hazardous areas
15.4. Compatibility design characteristics and evaluation between ship and berth
15.5. Electrical protection coordination confirmation between ship and berth
15.6. Design guidance to prove electrical isolation between ship and shore
15.7. Start-up/system commissioning
16. Interface operation
16.1. Ship screening and berth/ship compatibility checks
16.2. Pre-arrival communications between ship and shore
16.3. Roles and responsibilities for coupling/decoupling teams
16.4. Managing hazardous areas
16.5. Minimum PPE requirements for coupling/decoupling
16.6. Cable handling between ship and shore, including safe manual handling practices
16.7. Sequencing of OPS coupling and decoupling
16.7.1. OPS coupling and energising
16.7.2. Consideration for ship movements
16.7.3. OPS de-energising and decoupling
16.8. Emergency OPS decoupling procedure
16.9. Minimum staffing and competency considerations for coupling/decoupling
16.10. OPS Ship Shore Safety Checklist
Appendix: Example of OPS safety checklists