From Northeast Passage to Northern Sea Route/От Северо-Восточного прохода до Северного морского пути

Книга на английском языке.
The notion of a waterway north of Eurasia, conceived in the first half of the sixteenth century, remained only a dream for centuries, due to ice, unmapped coastlines and a lack of geographical knowledge. This volume is the first comprehensive, scholarly account in English of the slow but steady exploration and commercial exploitation of the Siberian coastal waters, and it proves that this was a truly international endeavour. However, in the end, the Northern Sea Route as a through traverse route came to be used primarily by the Soviet Union, for which it became a crucial vehicle for the geopolitical and economic integration of its vast territories. As an international trade route the Northern Sea Route is only today about to win its way, essentially as a result of global warming. This being the case, should we rejoice or despair?

Contents
Foreword
Viktor Ilich Boyarskiy
Preface
Willy Ostreng
Acknowledgements
Romanisation Table and Note on Text
List of Illustrations
List of Tables
Abbreviations
Modern Sectional Maps
Introduction
Edwin Okhuizen and Jens Petter Nielsen
Part 1 Out of the Northern Mist (Late Ninth-Mid Sixteenth Century)
Edwin Okhuizen
1 The Early Navigation of the Western Section of the Northeast Passage/Northern Sea Route
Part 2 The West-European Search for a Northeast Passage and the Russian Navigation of the Eurasian Maritime Arctic (Mid Sixteenth-Mid Eighteenth Century)
Edwin Okhuizen and Terence Armstrong
Introduction to Part 2
2 The West-European Search for an Alternative Trade Route to the Orient
3 The Russian Exploration and Commercial Use of the Eurasian Maritime Arctic
4 The First Kamchatka Expedition, 1725-30
5 The Great Northern (Second Kamchatka) Expedition, 1733-43
Part 3 The ‘Non-heroic Exploration’ of the Eurasian Maritime Arctic (Mid Eighteenth-Mid Nineteenth Century)
Edwin Okhuizen
Introduction to Part 3
6 Transpolar Expeditions and the Concept of an ‘Open Polar Sea’
7 The Siberian Maritime Arctic
8 The European Maritime Arctic
9 The Bering Strait Region
10 The North-Eastern Extremity of Asia
Part 4 The Opening Up of the Northern Sea Route to Siberia (Mid Nineteenth Century until 1917)
Jens Petter Nielsen and Alexander Ye. Goncharov with a contribution by Olga A. Krasnikova
Introduction to Part 4
11 Early Exploration and Navigations to the Estuaries of the Ob and the Yenisey
12 Russian-Norwegian Relations from the Crimean War until the Russian Revolution
13 Navigating the Northeast Passage
14 Safeguarding of the Northern Sea Route until 1905
15 The Russo-Japanese War and the Potential Military and Strategic Importance of the Northern Sea Route
16 The Northern Sea Route on the Eve of the Russian Revolution
Part 5 The Northern Sea Route during the Soviet Epoch: From the October Revolution to the Collapse of the Soviet Union (1917-91)
Alexander Ye. Goncharov and Vladimir N. Bulatov
Introduction to Part 5
17 Through Revolution and Civil War, 1917 to the Early 1920s
18 Establishing Navigation on the Western Sector of the Northern Sea Route
19 Development of the Eastern Sector of the Northern Sea Route
20 Soviet Arctic Exploration beyond the Northern Sea Route
21 The Soviet Opening Up of the Northeast Passage: The Chief Directorate of the Northern Sea Route (GUSMP)
22 The Northern Sea Route During the Great Patriotic War, 1941-45
23 The Post-war Period, 1945 to the Mid 1950s
24 The Northern Sea Route in a Changing Era, from the Mid 1950s to the 1960s: Adding a Human Touch to the Arctic
25 A Return to the Days of Glory, 1970s to 1991
26 Soviet Polar Science and the Northern Sea Route
Part 6 From Break-Up to New Optimism: The Northern Sea Route in Post-Soviet Russia
Vladislav I. Goldin
Introduction to Part 6
27 The Northern Sea Route as an International Transit Route: Discussions and Experiments
28 Development, Challenges and Contradictions in the Use of the Northern Sea Route
Summary and Conclusion of Parts 1-6
Edwin Okhuizen, Jens Petter Nielsen and Alexander Ye. Goncharov
Part 7 The Past and Present in Shaping the Future of the Northern Sea Route and the Northeast Passage
Willy Ostreng
Introduction to Part 7
29 Permanent Drivers Affecting the Use of the Northern Sea Route/Northeast Passage
30 Changeable Drivers Affecting the Use of the Northern Sea Route
31 Permanent Impediments Affecting the Use of the Northern Sea Route
32 Changeable Impediments Affecting the Use of the Northern Sea Route
33 A Scenario Discussion of Subjective Predictions
34 The Long-Term Future of the Northern Sea Route: A Fresh Prediction
The History of the Book Project and Its Authors
Victoria V. Tevlina
Bibliography
Index of Geographical Names
Index of Personal Names